The Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe has said bond notes in circulation have increased to $102 million as the central bank continues to pay out the Afreximbank-backed $200 million export incentive.
In an interview with the state media, RBZ governor Dr John Mangudya said the bond notes together with bond coins account for 1,8 percent of deposits at the banks. He added that the bond note continued to trade at par with US dollars but indiscipline and a general lack of confidence in the economy were fuelling the parallel market.
“It is lack of discipline and confidence that cause some traders to have multi-tier pricing system on some products, especially essential products such as cooking oil.”
Generally, bond notes have overcome the initial skepticism and have been well received by the market to an extent reflecting a new confidence in the central bank, however, unscrupulous traders including some fuel stations are now using different prices for selected goods.
On interest rates, Dr Mangudya said rates must reflect the strength of the dominant currency in the economy to make borrowing by productive sectors more affordable.
The central bank chief’s remarks come after he directed banks, in his 2017 monetary policy statement, to whittle down annual lending rates to a maximum 12 percent effective April 1, 2017.
Dr Mangudya scoffed at the assertion that the lower lending rates could discourage credit extension to the productive sectors saying their lending was being stifled by high cost of funding.
Bankers’ Association of Zimbabwe president Charity Jinya told a parliamentary portfolio committee this week that if the ceiling for banking lending rates continued to fall, banks could cut lending to productive sectors in favour of TBs.
“The banks were not lending because at high interest rates you increase non-performing loans. The chances of getting your money back at 25 percent per annum (are slim). What will you (as a business) be selling to get a 30 percent margin?”
The Governor said in the monetary policy statement that while the banks had made progress in reducing cost of lending, interest rates remained well above thresholds that support borrowing to finance operations in productive sectors.
“We are in a dollarised economy; we need to make sure that our interest rates reflect the currency that we are using. The problem in Zimbabwe is that (banks) are using the Zimbabwe dollar based regime to determine interest rates.
“On Wednesday, the Federal Reserve increased interest rates from 0,7 percent to 1 percent; that range.
“It means we also need to ensure that our interest rates in Zimbabwe are (US) dollar based not Zim dollar based” he said.
Dr Mangudya said banks cannot use cost of funding as an excuse considering that none were getting offshore lines of credit. – State Media
The country will have to suffer the consequences of either continued bank queue as a result of shortage of cash because the amount of bond notes continue to be restricted or end the bank queues by increasing the bond notes. The latter will result in the value of the bond notes falling relative to the US$.